所有人都能够发出同样的声音。然而，每种语言都有自己的特殊使用方式。正如每种语言遵循不同的语法规则，它也使用不同的声音来表达情感，尽管有些似乎比其他语言似乎更相似。根据我们的母语，一些声音或多或少是熟悉的，或多或少难以发音和识别。

  All humans are able to make the same sounds. However, each language has its own particular way of employing them. Just as each language follows different grammatical rules, it also uses different sounds to express emotion, though some may seem more similar than others. Depending on our mother tongue, some sounds will be more or less familiar and more or less difficult to pronounce and recognize.

  回想起每种语言描述不同文化现实的想法，人们想知道没有可识别词语的表达情感的声音会发生什么。也就是说，这些非语言发声不仅仅是简单的声音，而是用来传达感情或意图。我们可以通过语言之间的非语言发音来识别情感状态吗？

  Going back to the idea that each language describes a different cultural reality, one wonders what happens with sounds that express emotions without recognizable words. That is, those non-verbal vocalizations that are more than simple sounds and that we use to communicate feelings or intensions. Can we recognize emotional states through non-verbal vocalizations between languages?

  虽然这些不是由词汇规则定义的，但在很多情况下，很容易被认可，如哭泣或笑声，表达幸福，厌恶，恐惧和惊喜的声音可以说是什么？（仅举几例）。

  Although these are not defined by lexical rules, and in many cases are easily recognized, such as a cry or laughter, what can be said about the sounds that express happiness, disgust, fear and surprise? (Just to name a few).

  美国国家科学院 发表了一项研究，比较了两个不同的人口，即美国人和被称为Himba人的土着部落群体。对于跨文化的情感驱动的声音的看法，有一些非常好奇的观点。以下是采访记录，其中显示了我们的看法有何不同：

  A study was published by the National Academy of Sciences of the United States, where two separate populations were compared, namely, Americans and an indigenous tribal group known as the Himba people. Some very curious observations were made in terms of the perception of emotionally driven sounds across cultures. What follows is a transcript of an interview which shows just how different our perceptions can be:

（SOUNDBITE OF SHRIEK）

  VEDANTAM：...美国人怎么听？

  VEDANTAM: …How did Americans hear that?

  GENDRON：大多数美国人听到 害怕，害怕，震惊或沮丧。

  GENDRON: Most Americans heard it as scared, afraid,

shocked or frustrated.   VEDANTAM：那个Himba呢，丽莎呢？

  VEDANTAM: And what about the Himba, Lisa?

  BARRETT：Himba会说这个人正在哭泣死亡，这个人在痛苦地尖叫起来。

  BARRETT: The Himba would say this person is crying about a death, this person is screaming in pain.

  VEDANTAM： 痛苦和悲伤，不要害怕或震惊。

  VEDANTAM: Pain and grief, not fear or shock.

  在美国人听到恐惧或沮丧的情况下，Himba部落听到痛苦和痛苦。因此，得出的结论是，一些复杂的情绪（例如，骄傲）可能难以识别，因为它们表示某些文化细微差别，但是基本情绪（例如悲伤，愤怒和惊喜）的发声容易识别。好的消息是，即使你不懂语言，你仍然可以理解人的情感和意图，反之亦然，没有翻译者。

  Where Americans heard fear or frustration, the Himba tribe heard pain and suffering. Thus, it was concluded that some complex emotions (e.g., pride) may be difficult to identify because they denote certain cultural nuances, but that vocalizations of basic emotions (e.g., sadness, anger and surprise) are easily recognizable. The good news, then, is that even if you don’t know a language, you can still understand the emotions and intentions of people, and vice versa, without a translator.

——选自：乐文翻译

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